In his book A Journey from Madras through the Countries of Mysore, Canara and Malabar (1807), he stated that "The princes of the house of Ikkeri had given great encouragement to the Christians, and had induced 80,000 of them to settle in Tuluva. [4] The Hindus, including the indigenous Brahmins (mostly belonging to the Shivalli, Havyaka, and Kota sub-groups) and Bunts did not associate with the Catholics and would not admit them into their houses on account of their religion. Falen’s wedding theme was rustic and colours were peach and rose gold. [88] Of the 60,000–80,000 Mangalorean Catholics taken captive, only 15,000–20,000 made it out as Christians. These were the only tiles to be recommended for Government buildings in India,[138] and still define Mangalore's skyline and characterise its urban setting. [84] The persecutions continued until 1792. The Mangalorean community, especially the Mangalorean Catholics, have been heavily influenced by the drastic changes around them. After the conquest, Hyder was informed that the Mangalorean Catholics had helped the British in their conquest of Mangalore. The influence of Portuguese syntax is only found in some sets of phrases and prayers which have come down from the pre-migration era. The resident priest was expelled and forbidden to preach. [18][19] Their properties were subsequently taken over by their Hindu relatives, but the viceroy instructed his factor of Mangalore to get their property restored. ", Account of a Surviving Captive, A Mr. Silva of Gangollim, "Mangalore: Comtrust Carries On Basel's Mission", "College all set to celebrate 125th anniversary", "About St. Joseph's Seminary (Mangalore)", "Minister recalls contribution of Joachim Alva", "The Birth of the Mangalorean Catholic Association of Sydney Inc. (MCAS)", "Prof Wilfred D'Souza – Third Generation Teacher Who Achieved Greater Heights", "Ethnologue report for Konkani, Goan (ISO 639–3: gom)", Asiatic Society of Bombay, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland Bombay Branch 1853, "Rich Tributes Paid to Pioneer Konkani Poet Louis Mascarenhas", "17 years later, this Kama Sutra gets a fresh launch", "Dr. Michael Lobo: Probing family roots and history", "Catholic Roce –- Is it an Extinct Ceremony ? According to various parish books, Mangalorean Catholics numbered 19,068 in South Canara (12,877 in Mangalore and Bantval,[102] 3,918 in Moolki, 2,273 in Cundapore and Barcoor). [39] In 1677, Bishop de Castro entered into a conflict with the Archbishop of Goa, Dom Frei António Brandão, for disregarding the Padroado. Nayaka pressured the church authorities to appoint a native priest as the Vicar Apostolic, which resulted in the appointment of Fr. [58], Later, he opened negotiations with the Portuguese. Chorus which are unique to the Roman Catholic traditions of marriage.. The work entitled Baibol (Bible) was written in the Kannada script, and published by the Mangalore-based Konkani Bible committee in 1997. [235] The first session of the Canara Konkani Catholic World Convention took place on 26 December 2004 in Mangalore. (Repeat), Yeh go vokelai (2) The Silver Band, started in 1906 by Lawrence D'Souza in Mangalore, is one of the oldest and most popular brass bands in Mangalore. [212], By the end of the 20th century however, social categorization and differentiation became manifested not on various factors apart from caste. Maai ani maawu powle thali mowganna thuka (2) Utra goud tujhe, kalzak re vodli [89], Historian Alan Machado Prabhu mentions that only 11,000 survived the captivity as Christians. Three offshoots have thus far been launched, which include Mangaloreans Worldwide – An International Directory (1999), Distinguished Mangalorean Catholics (2000), and The Mangalorean Catholic Community – A Professional History / Directory (2002). [49], Subsequent to this steady rise in South Canara's Catholic population, the Portuguese took advantage of every opportunity to extend their control over the Mangalorean Catholics, who came to be identified with Portuguese interests. Papachem lisens assa re maka, kazar zaumcheak rautam tuka…2 [149][150] Most Mangalorean Catholic names for males follow the second declension. Open the door, enter! Place your right foot forward into your house of gold “The Roce ceremony takes place one day before the wedding, and it is one of the most important traditional ceremonies for Mangalorean Catholics. poilo naman, Kare Sorghinchia Deva Bapak. Lots of kudos should go to event organizers, 'Mangalore Media Company' (mangalorean.com) for arranging the event systematically and successfully. [199] To wear the sari with its end thrown over the shoulder, known as Worl, is the exclusive right of a married woman. Amche wokol bhai, sangrey matzo aaso felizaa [232] The play is conducted by males belonging to both the brides' and bridegrooms' parties, and usually takes place for two or three nights. [citation needed] Though the Portuguese traded quite frequently in Mangalore, and most of the priests arriving in the region were Portuguese, [29], The Christians who left Goa were for the most part skilled agriculturists who abandoned their irrigated fields in Goa to achieve freedom. The Roman Catholics from the Mangalore Diocese and the newly formed Udupi Diocese (erstwhile South Canara district) and their descendants are generally known as Mangalorean Catholics. [232], The tradition of Voviyo (wedding songs), sung by women during a Ros, is important to this community. Their captivity at Seringapatam (1784–1799), where many died, were killed, or were forcibly converted to Islam, led to the formation of a separate and common Mangalorean Catholic cultural identity among members of the group, who hitherto had considered themselves an extension of the larger Goan Catholic community. [21], In 1510, a Portuguese fleet under Afonso de Albuquerque, sent by King Manuel I of Portugal, wrested the region of Goa from Sultan Yusuf Adil Shah of Bijapur. The priest's house was returned to the church in 1709. [191] Some non-marriage traditions include Novemjeevon (partaking of the food prepared from new corn) and Novem (blessing of new harvests). [196] It was a long white piece of cloth with a Todop (golden hem) tied around the head like a turban in a particular manner by which they could be easily identified as Catholics. [166] He published a book on Konkani grammar in 1882, with a revised version in 1893. ude dana aamso felizaa [28][187], The Roce[b] (anointing) ceremony, conducted one or two days before a wedding, celebrates the last day of virginity of the bride and bridegroom and involves the parents' blessing of the bride and groom, who are anointed with roce, a mixture of coconut milk and coconut oil,[188] while a cross is inscribed on the bride's forehead. Pormol ane miryo, Rupan dista suryo (2) He named the islands El Padron de Santa Maria; they later came to be known as St Mary's Islands. dhaven, dhaven kusin modlo. Aar tera wursaan powsunu It combines the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary and blessing of Novem (new crops). Few women had the courage to go against the strict conventions of their community. [140], Historically, the Mangalorean Catholic diet was completely vegetarian. Poilo kozno koryan ami bhogun kozno koryan, [99], The opening of the Protestant German Basel Mission of 1834 in Mangalore brought many handicraft industries, such as cotton weaving and tile-manufacturing, to the region and led to a large-scale rise in employment. They are mainly descended from those Catholics who fled the persecution and roundup by Tipu Sultan. Tu shegunachi shegunachi shegunachi sunn…. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. (2) Wujwe payaana Vosanaka misak, Vosanaka misak, Dhist zait tuka voretha …(additional Verses) [citation needed] This necklace is worn as long as the husband is alive; a widow is expected to take it off. Umat Katolik Mangalore (Konkani: Kodialchein Katholik) adalah sebuah komunitas etno-religius Katolik Roma yang mengikuti Ritus Latin dari Keuskupan Mangalore (terletak di distrik Kanara Selatan) di pesisir barat daya Karnataka, India. [12] He then travelled to Bhatkal in North Canara, a port town on the coastal route from Thana to Quilon. He took an active part in the restoration of the Catholic community's former possessions and the recovery of its estates. In accordance with traditional Hindu law that allowed a Brahmin to practice any occupation except cultivation, the Bamonns refrained from cultivating their lands, and leased them to tenants. Male” [174][175] In Bombay—which had a small Mangalorean Catholic community—periodicals like Sukh-Dukh (Ups and Downs) (1948) by G.M.B. vadantlo lok saglo kushal zala Neighya muje chaapardaraa bitar appoiya [2] [3] They are a Konkani people and speak the Konkani language.Contemporary Mangalorean Catholics are descended mainly from Goan Catholics who migrated to South Canara … ", harvnb error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFLobo2000 (, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFAbbiGuptaKidwai1997 (. Papan kazar maka kelem, sukhantlem voron dukant ghatlem…2 Laambe kadse chaar bhavya sobyaar niraya, Chindulaan baandaacha deraa gudaan chepiyaa Authentic tried and tested simple recipes in mainly Indian cooking, including traditional mangalorean, Goan, East Indian, North Indian recipes and much more…. [93], Later, the British took over South Canara. Origins of Christianity in South Kanara by Diocese of Mangalore 3. konthar salanth, uzvad phankla. [184] Their culture is more traditional and Indian. [127] In 1993, the Mangalore Diocese estimated the population of Mangalorean Catholics to be 325,510 out of a total South Canara population of 3,528,540. [210], The Charodis, the second-largest group, were converts from the Kshatriya (warrior class) and Vaishya (merchant class) castes. It also liberally uses loanwords from the Tulu and Kannada languages. [214] The upper castes usually did not attend the ceremonies of the lower castes, even if expressly invited. [100], In 1800, there were 2,545 Catholic households with a population of 10,877. King Sebastião I decreed that every trace of Indian customs should be eradicated through the Inquisition. [11] In 1526, under the viceroyship of Lopo Vaz de Sampaio, the Portuguese took possession of Mangalore. male: Uzven, uzven phutizo Vangel, Rather than being a closely knit and united group, the Goan Catholic immigrants and their progeny did not associate with the native Catholics on account of caste, origin, and language, and even among themselves were strongly divided by caste. [221] The well-known Konkani hymn Riglo Jezu Molliant (Jesus entered the Garden of Gethsemene) was written by Fr. [137] These tiles, prepared from hard clay, were in great demand throughout India, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka, and were even shipped to East Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and Australia. [236] The convention aimed to establish institutions to conduct research on the history of Mangalorean Catholics. Mai dhitha munta (2), Thi mudhi galn voretha [172][173] The first Konkani novel in Karnataka Aangel (1915), was written in the Kannada script by Joachim Santan Alvares. He took interest in the re-establishment of the community from 1799 to 1808. [111] Pope Leo XIII, by the Brief of 27 September 1878, handed over the Mangalore mission to the Italian Jesuits of Naples, who reached Mangalore on 31 December 1878. Ghara dhogain auvnkwariancho, It can be surmised that foreign Christian merchants were visiting the coastal towns of South Canara during that period for commerce; it is possible some Christian priests might have accompanied them for evangelistic work. Ailiaum rodhan gharadharin. About the Author Alfie D'Souza, was a well known name in Mangalore before he immigrated to United States in 1990. [200] It is highly prized by women Matvanth saiba voklo amcho hasun fugthyolo [54] Toward the end of 1768, Hyder and his son Tipu Sultan defeated the British and recaptured Mangalore fort. [185] They were workers and agricultural labourers engaged in service professions. Tu shegunachi shegunachi shegunachi sunn……. [191], In addition to common Christian festivals like Christmas, Good Friday, and Easter, the community celebrates many other festivals of religious and historical significance. [30] They cultivated the lands of the Bamonns and the high-caste Hindus. Phones: +91 8879087473 / +91 9820800480 / 022-26048822. Biinge,biingelai chaamulaa ‘Roce sambhram’ by Abbasiya Konkani community coordinated by Rony Fernandes & Lavina Furtado, band by Mangalorean Cultural Association Kuwait (MCAK) and ‘Khazar’ by United Mangaloreans Kuwait (UMK) coordinated by Agnel Saldanha was treat to watch which … [211] The converts from the fisher caste residing around Ullal, Kuloor, and other places around the seacoast were called Gaudis, and formed the fourth group. Sylvester Menezes,[169] Konkan Daiz (Heritage of Konkani) (1958),[170] and Kannik (Donation) (1965) by Raymond Miranda. [34] They speak a dialect known as Mangalorean Catholic Konkani, which the Ethnologue broadly identifies as the Mangalore dialect. Bapod montha, rayi re viva, amcho voreth babe. "[33][34] Later, this was identified as a probable mistake and should have read "8,000". [70] The generally accepted figure is 60,000, as per Tipu's own records. [203] The Pirduk (Mangalsutra)[f] is a necklace made of black beads strung on gold wire as either as a single chain or double chain, with a connecting pendant. [37][38] After his consecration, he first went to Calicut and then moved to Mangalore, where he served from 1677 to 1684. Chintna pois zalie, tujos utrani [185] They were generally engaged in trade and commercial vocations. Male: [30] They were recruited into the armies of the Bednore dynasty. Ude dana aamso [101] Their population almost doubled by 1818. [30] All Brahmin sub-castes such as the Goud Saraswat Brahmins, Padyes, and Daivadnyas, especially the goldsmiths and a few merchants, were lumped into the Christian caste of Bamonn. [119], During the later 19th century, they started migrating to other urban areas, especially Bombay,[citation needed] Bangalore,[citation needed] Calcutta, Karachi, Madras, Mysore and Poona. A jacket with long sleeves called a Baju, was used to cover the upper part of the body. [citation needed] Some Kannada rootwords which have disappeared from the Goan dialects due to the influence of Portuguese have re-entered the Mangalorean lexicon. mai munta bore tujhe gunn Visar karunk galyak amka vonani marley – 2. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. The Kirgi is a piece of cloth not longer than four feet, and about three feet wide. [31], Under the provisional treaties between the Portuguese and the Bednore rulers, and the Padroado, the Christians were allowed to build churches and help foster the growth of Christianity in South Canara. Laambe kaadche sow chedwaak bhavo ghatuzo, Chindulaan waananso chedwaa dev re gotuzzo [36] The appointment of the Vicar Apostolic of Mangalore was felt by the Holy See to be of critical importance. [216] The mass was celebrated in Latin; but the sermon, the catechism, and the explication of the mysteries were delivered to the congregation in Konkani. Vathai mun go baini, baye amchay sangathini Enter your email address to follow this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Nhast zait maka (2), Umarar kityak ubo voretha Dhoghain, dhoghain, bhaghevonthan. It was wrapped around the body from the waist down. Dholan,dholanso polani, Aami ,aami wudekshithu However, a sizeable Christian population did not exist there until the second half of the 16th century, when there was a large-scale immigration of Christians from Goa to South Canara. Several more anti-Christian outbursts followed. (Repeat 1st and 2nd verse), 11. The Hindus accepted such invitations. Profile. [184] However, a close contact was kept by the Catholics with the Hindus of the same caste who were refugees from Goa. So, let’s look at how a traditional Mangalorean Catholic wedding usually goes down: Day 1: The “Roce” The word “Roce” is Konkani for coconut milk. Oooooo moga mujha, aaj vodtho ullas bogtha [4] After this migration, the skilled Goan Catholic agriculturists were offered various land grants by the native Bednore rulers of South Canara. On the day of the Roce, the families of the Groom/Bride offer a mass to the departed souls of their respective families, to respect the departed souls and their contribution for the family. Change ). (Repeat), Evde ratriche soire bailyan kauu (2) So, we provide all basic information as provided by the wedding vendors. [114] They built St. Aloysius College in 1880,[115] St Aloysius Chapel in 1884,[116] St. Joseph's Seminary[117] The culture of Mangalorean Catholics is a blend of Mangalorean and Goan cultures. Mangalorean Catholic Association Of Sydney (MCAS) 5. [78] After they were freed, all their belongings had disappeared and their deserted lands were being cultivated by the Bunts. Monti Fest is one of the major festivals, celebrated on 8 September. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Saglie amchi patla baba vethat thya garah, Matvant baba badkar vodley sagley asthaley Tum tor kazar, zaina zalear moga, moji bhirmot futtoli tuka…2 [157], Mangalorean Catholics speak the Konkani language, which they have retained as their mother tongue despite the migration; the language is central to the community's identity. The lower castes felt honoured if they were invited and usually accepted such invitations. [143], Mangalorean Catholic men traditionally wore long, loose-frilled, white or black coats known as Kutanv (similar to the Moghul era Sherwanis, loose coats with buttons), over a Zibbo (loose shirt), while the Pudvem (dhoti), a piece of unstitched cloth, usually around 7 yards (6.4 m) long, was wrapped around the waist and the legs and knotted at the waist. Umarar Kityak / Baglyar Kityak Ubo Voretha  (Mai’n Mudhi shivnchem song), Umarar kityak ubo voretha [222] The bride wears a few gold ornaments, some rings on the fingers, earrings, and at least two of the Dantoni (golden combs). [217], The parishes were grouped into deaneries called Varados. [82] The able-bodied young men were drafted into the army after being circumcised and converted to Islam. [50] The Portuguese promised to refrain from slaughtering cows and to halt forcible conversions in their factories. The Mangalorean Catholic bride's wedding sari is known as a Sado. José Miguel Luis de Mendes, a Goan Catholic priest, was appointed Vicar of Our Lady of Rosary of Mangalore on 7 December 1799. This changed during the 20th century, when with the advent of Westernisation, meat came to be consumed increasingly in the community, especially amongst the elite. [28] Those who refused to comply were forced to leave Goa and to settle outside the Portuguese dominion,[10] which resulted in the first major wave of migrations towards South Canara. The few which are preserved and remembered are recited on this roce day and at mangalorean catholic weddings. Contemporary Mangalorean Catholics descend mainly from the New Christians of Portuguese Goa, who migrated to South Canara between 1560 and 1763 throughout the course of the Goa Inquisition, Portuguese–Adil Shahi wars, and the Portuguese–Maratha wars. [209] This group constituted the landed gentry. One end is covered with the skin of some wild animal, and the other is left open. Nhast zait maka (2), 6. Inside the house, a spacious hall is present while a large verandah is present in front of the house. The band will sing song till the bride is ready to return after wearing the traditional SADO. [17], The Portuguese Franciscans slowly started propagating Christianity in Mangalore. According to Mangalorean tradition, a day before the wedding, relatives and close friends gathered at John’s home for the roce ceremony. Ladru pedru banda sangi dance martheley Chorus [32][a] This was confirmed by Francis Buchanan, a Scottish physician, when he visited Canara in 1801. But Hyder exhibited a diplomatic stance and imprisoned the Christians, rather than killing them. [194] Other rites include the Onpnni or Vopsun diunche(giving away the bride formally by the father or the guardian of the bride),[195] Porthoponn (re-invitation to the bride's house),[195] and singing of Honvious (hymns). Ughod Dhar (When entering groom’s house), Ugadi dhar sare bithore thuje shasulile ghaara (2) Bhailian ailo vor, run ami nenan, zanvliaun vele Katyaak laagown illo wuzo dai kain go, Evde ratrichae soiri bailyan kaunu (2) The honoured mahant took the name of Francisco de Távora, after the Viceroy Marques de Távora. Gurkars were Mangalorean Catholic men of good moral character who were selected as headmen in Christian settlements. [citation needed] Mudartha is a unique Mangalorean Catholic surname to be found among some Catholics that hail from Udupi. Wujwe payaan sare bithore tuje baangarache ghaara (2) [147], Bilingual names, having variants in both Konkani and English, like Zuãuñ (from Portuguese João, meaning John) and Mornel (Magdalene) are common among Mangalorean Catholics. ude dana aamso, Ude dana aamso felizaa Roce ceremony is one of the most important pre-wedding rituals in the Mangalorean and Goan Catholic Community. Chorus, Tambde Roza tuje polle, dukhani bhorleat moje dolle…2 Aamka sakdank dakhoin(2), Nagna purbaa Waailar voretarn [66], Soon after the Treaty of Mangalore in 1784, Tipu gained control of Canara. This genealogical encyclopaedia, which exceeds 6,000 pages, covers over a thousand families, each of which is researched as far as its ancestry can be traced. [196][199] The Kirgi was wrapped around the waist, but the end of the sari is not thrown over the shoulder. Evde Ratriche Soire Bailyan kaun (Aapone song), Ankur chedu waa tumka bangolechaa [69] Accounts of the number of captives differ, ranging from 30,000 to 80,000. ... DJ/Country Band and Open bar. [1] Other regions of India having a significant proportion of Mangalorean Catholics, characterised by the presence of Mangalorean Catholic organisations or celebration of the unique Mangalorean Catholic Monti Fest festival, are Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai, Pune, Hyderabad, Chikkamagaluru, Hassan, and Ranchi. [75], According to the Barcoor Manuscript, written in Kannada by a Mangalorean Catholic from Barcoor after his return from Seringapatam, 20,000 of them (one-third) died on the march to Seringapatam due to hunger, disease, and ill treatment by the soldiers. Henry D'Souza and Helen D'Cruz are known for the Konkani love duet Kathrina in 1971[227] and the love Ballad Garacho Divo (Lamp of the House) in the 1970s,[228] while Wilfy Rebimbus' sonnet Mog Tuzo Kithlo Axelom (How I Have Loved Thee) from 1977 is popular. Of the 396,672 people living in South Canara,[94] 10,877 were Christians. [202] Other ornaments worn by the bride in the olden days included Kanti, Chakrasar, Kap, Karap, Mugud, Kanto, and Dantoni. Thond tuje fugainaka In 1664 Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha empire, attacked Kudal, a town north of Goa, and began his campaign for Goa. [220] The Silver Band, started in 1906 by Lawrence D'Souza in Mangalore, is one of the oldest and most popular brass bands in Mangalore. [99] Later, British general John Goldsborough Ravenshaw was appointed collector of South Canara. poilun kosonso sodyaa ani Baararu piyaacho (2), Mysoreso amiz mudya si boli [135] Urban and rural housing follows the traditional variety of laterite brick structures with Mangalore tile roofing on steeply sloped roofs. In the centre of the forehead, a Bang (gold chain) was placed with a pendant. There was complete freedom of worship, belief, and propagation of religious tenets in the Vijaynagara Empire. The Churches of Nossa Senhora de Mercês de Velala (Our Lady of Mercy of Ullal) and São Francisco de Assis (St. Francis of Assisi) at Farangipet were erected by the Portuguese in South Canara at around the same time. [198], Before marriage, women used to wear a Kirgi (sari) and Baju (blouse). [159] 350–400 Portuguese lexical items are found in the Mangalorean Catholic dialect, of which more than half are related to religious terminology. yezmaan zaalaar pushi (2) Roce Ceremony. Thus, the Gurkar system came into existence. sangche kithey sagley piyoun thigh re zaalay Sangrey matzo aaso felizaa Amso somesthaso mog, baye tuja kalzanth dovoru, Vos vos go baye, tuja bartharacha garah, tuja bartharacha garah [206] The traditional style of wedding is becoming exceedingly rare. [28][189][190] The marriage traditions include Soirik (betrothal),[191] exchange of Paan Pod[c] (betel leaves) during the marriage ceremony,[192] which known as Badalchen (changing hands; formal acceptance of the promise made by the bride's father to the bridegroom's father that he will give his daughter in marriage). [128] About 15 percent of the households in the parishes were literate. [110] During the regime of Carmelites, the Mangalorean Catholics constantly sent memorandums to the Holy See to send Jesuits to Mangalore to start institutions for higher education, since students frequently had to go to Bombay and Madras for educational purposes. [41], According to one estimate, emigrations from the Salcete district of Goa were around the rate of 2,000 annually. [121] The first Mangalorean Catholic settlement in Madras was recorded in the 1940s. [24] Other factors that led to mass migrations were disease epidemics, famines, natural calamities, overpopulation, poor living conditions, heavy tax burdens, and social discrimination by the Portuguese. They learned Tulu, and Kannada whilst in South Canara, but retained Konkani as their mother tongue and preserved much of their pre-Portuguese ways of living. [133][162] It consequently differs from the dialect spoken by the Goud Saraswat Brahmins in South Canara, which is copiously derived and bears a good degree of intelligibility with the modern Sashtikaar (South Goan) dialect spoken by South Goan Christians and North Canara Konkani Hindus. [6] During the 1970s, coastal communication increased between Bombay and Mangalore with the introduction of ships by the London-based trade firm Shepherd. [43] After migration, the only possible occupation of a Mangalorean Catholic was agriculture, since they were skilled farmers. , Mons Franciscan missionaries the bride went to the church in 1709 well known name Mangalore. Wodeyars and the other is left open are especially visible during the Ros ceremony Mangalorean Catholic mangalorean roce band! Present while a large verandah is present in front of the house, a Bamonn and. Charodis, Sudirs, and no stigma was attached to her husband animal and. George Fernandes, Poinnari ( traveller ) ( 1949 ) by George Fernandes, Poinnari traveller. The Catholic community is descended almost entirely from this small group of survivors wedding theme was rustic colours... Malghadianche, hathan zodiyan, povle thumchia malghadianche, hathan zodiyan, povle malghadianche! 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